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MySQL Reference Manual for version 3.23.39.
1 General Information About MySQL
1.1 What Is MySQL
1.2 What Is MySQL AB
1.3 About This Manual
1.3.1 Conventions Used in This Manual
1.4 History of MySQL
1.5 Books About MySQL
1.6 The Main Features of MySQL
1.7 How Stable Is MySQL?
1.8 Year 2000 Compliance
1.9 General SQL Information and Tutorials
1.10 Useful MySQL-related Links
2 MySQL Mailing Lists
2.1 The MySQL Mailing Lists
2.2 Asking Questions or Reporting Bugs
2.3 How to Report Bugs or Problems
2.4 Guidelines for Answering Question on the Mailing List
3 MySQL Licensing and Support
3.1 MySQL Licensing Policy
3.2 Copyrights Used by MySQL
3.2.1 Copyright Changes
3.3 Example Licensing Situations
3.3.1 Selling Products that use MySQL
3.3.2 ISP MySQL Services
3.3.3 Running a Web Server Using MySQL
3.4 MySQL Licensing and Support Costs
3.4.1 Payment information
3.4.2 Contact Information
3.5 Types of Commercial Support
3.5.1 Basic E-mail Support
3.5.2 Extended E-mail Support
3.5.3 Login Support
3.5.4 Extended Login Support
3.5.5 Telephone Support
3.5.6 Support for other table handlers
4 Installing MySQL
4.1 How to Get MySQL
4.2 Operating Systems Supported by MySQL
4.3 Which MySQL Version to Use
4.4 How and When Updates Are Released
4.5 Installation Layouts
4.6 Installing a MySQL Binary Distribution
4.6.1 Linux RPM Notes
4.6.2 Building Client Programs
4.6.3 System-specific Issues
4.6.3.1 Linux Notes for Binary Distributions
4.6.3.2 HP-UX Notes for Binary Distributions
4.7 Installing a MySQL Source Distribution
4.7.1 Quick Installation Overview
4.7.2 Applying Patches
4.7.3 Typical configure Options
4.8 Installing from the Development Source Tree
4.9 Problems Compiling?
4.10 MIT-pthreads Notes
4.11 Perl Installation Comments
4.11.1 Installing Perl on Unix
4.11.2 Installing ActiveState Perl on Windows
4.11.3 Installing the MySQL Perl Distribution on Windows
4.11.4 Problems Using the Perl DBI/DBD Interface
4.12 System-specific Issues
4.12.1 Solaris Notes
4.12.2 Solaris 2.7/2.8 Notes
4.12.3 Solaris x86 Notes
4.12.4 SunOS 4 Notes
4.12.5 Linux Notes (All Linux Versions)
4.12.5.1 Linux-x86 Notes
4.12.5.2 RedHat Version 5.0 Notes
4.12.5.3 RedHat Version 5.1 notes
4.12.5.4 Linux-SPARC Notes
4.12.5.5 Linux-Alpha Notes
4.12.5.6 MkLinux Notes
4.12.5.7 Qube2 Linux Notes
4.12.5.8 Linux IA64 Notes
4.12.6 Alpha-DEC-UNIX Notes (Tru64)
4.12.7 Alpha-DEC-OSF1 Notes
4.12.8 SGI-Irix Notes
4.12.9 FreeBSD Notes
4.12.10 NetBSD notes
4.12.11 OpenBSD Notes
4.12.11.1 OpenBSD 2.5 Notes
4.12.11.2 OpenBSD 2.8 Notes
4.12.12 BSD/OS Notes
4.12.12.1 BSD/OS Version 2.x Notes
4.12.12.2 BSD/OS Version 3.x Notes
4.12.12.3 BSD/OS Version 4.x Notes
4.12.13 SCO Notes
4.12.14 SCO Unixware Version 7.0 Notes
4.12.15 IBM-AIX notes
4.12.16 HP-UX Version 10.20 Notes
4.12.17 HP-UX Version 11.x Notes
4.12.18 Mac OS X Notes
4.12.18.1 Mac OS X Public beta
4.12.18.2 Mac OS X Server
4.12.19 BeOS Notes
4.13 Windows Notes
4.13.1 Installing MySQL on Windows
4.13.2 Starting MySQL on Windows 95 or Windows 98
4.13.3 Starting MySQL on Windows NT or Windows 2000
4.13.4 Running MySQL on Windows
4.13.5 Connecting to a Remote MySQL from Windows with SSH
4.13.6 Splitting Data Across Different Disks on Windows
4.13.7 Compiling MySQL Clients on Windows
4.13.8 MySQL-Windows Compared to Unix MySQL
4.14 OS/2 Notes
4.15 MySQL Binaries
4.16 Post-installation Setup and Testing
4.16.1 Problems Running mysql_install_db
4.16.2 Problems Starting the MySQL Server
4.16.3 Starting and Stopping MySQL Automatically
4.16.4 mysqld Command-line Options
4.16.5 Option Files
4.17 Installing Many Servers on the Same Machine
4.18 Upgrading/Downgrading MySQL
4.18.1 Upgrading From Version 3.22 to Version 3.23
4.18.2 Upgrading from Version 3.21 to Version 3.22
4.18.3 Upgrading from Version 3.20 to Version 3.21
4.18.4 Upgrading to Another Architecture
5 How Standards-compatible Is MySQL?
5.1 MySQL Extensions to ANSI SQL92
5.2 Running MySQL in ANSI Mode
5.3 MySQL Differences Compared to ANSI SQL92
5.4 Functionality Missing from MySQL
5.4.1 Sub-selects
5.4.2 SELECT INTO TABLE
5.4.3 Transactions
5.4.4 Stored Procedures and Triggers
5.4.5 Foreign Keys
5.4.5.1 Reasons NOT to Use Foreign Keys constraints
5.4.6 Views
5.4.7 `--' as the Start of a Comment
5.5 What Standards Does MySQL Follow?
5.6 How to Cope Without COMMIT/ROLLBACK
6 The MySQL Access Privilege System
6.1 General Security
6.2 How to Make MySQL Secure Against Crackers
6.3 Startup Options for mysqld Concerning Security
6.4 What the Privilege System Does
6.5 MySQL User Names and Passwords
6.6 Connecting to the MySQL Server
6.7 Keeping Your Password Secure
6.8 Privileges Provided by MySQL
6.9 How the Privilege System Works
6.10 Access Control, Stage 1: Connection Verification
6.11 Access Control, Stage 2: Request Verification
6.12 When Privilege Changes Take Effect
6.13 Setting Up the Initial MySQL Privileges
6.14 Adding New Users to MySQL
6.15 Setting Up Passwords
6.16 Causes of Access denied Errors
7 MySQL Language Reference
7.1 Literals: How to Write Strings and Numbers
7.1.1 Strings
7.1.2 Numbers
7.1.3 Hexadecimal Values
7.1.4 NULL Values
7.1.5 Database, Table, Index, Column, and Alias Names
7.1.5.1 Case Sensitivity in Names
7.2 User Variables
7.3 Column Types
7.3.1 Column Type Storage Requirements
7.3.2 Numeric Types
7.3.3 Date and Time Types
7.3.3.1 Y2K Issues and Date Types
7.3.3.2 The DATETIME, DATE, and TIMESTAMP Types
7.3.3.3 The TIME Type
7.3.3.4 The YEAR Type
7.3.4 String Types
7.3.4.1 The CHAR and VARCHAR Types
7.3.4.2 The BLOB and TEXT Types
7.3.4.3 The ENUM Type
7.3.4.4 The SET Type
7.3.5 Choosing the Right Type for a Column
7.3.6 Column Indexes
7.3.7 Multiple-column Indexes
7.3.8 Using Column Types from Other Database Engines
7.4 Functions for Use in SELECT and WHERE Clauses
7.4.1 Grouping Functions
7.4.2 Normal Arithmetic Operations
7.4.3 Bit Functions
7.4.4 Logical Operations
7.4.5 Comparison Operators
7.4.6 String Comparison Functions
7.4.7 Cast Operators
7.4.8 Control Flow Functions
7.4.9 Mathematical Functions
7.4.10 String Functions
7.4.11 Date and Time Functions
7.4.12 Miscellaneous Functions
7.4.13 Functions for Use with GROUP BY Clauses
7.5 CREATE DATABASE Syntax
7.6 DROP DATABASE Syntax
7.7 CREATE TABLE Syntax
7.7.1 Silent Column Specification Changes
7.8 ALTER TABLE Syntax
7.9 RENAME TABLE Syntax
7.10 DROP TABLE Syntax
7.11 OPTIMIZE TABLE Syntax
7.12 CHECK TABLE Syntax
7.13 BACKUP TABLE Syntax
7.14 RESTORE TABLE Syntax
7.15 ANALYZE TABLE Syntax
7.16 REPAIR TABLE Syntax
7.17 DELETE Syntax
7.18 TRUNCATE Syntax
7.19 SELECT Syntax
7.20 JOIN Syntax
7.21 INSERT Syntax
7.21.1 INSERT ... SELECT Syntax
7.21.2 INSERT DELAYED syntax
7.22 REPLACE Syntax
7.23 LOAD DATA INFILE Syntax
7.24 UPDATE Syntax
7.25 USE Syntax
7.26 FLUSH Syntax
7.27 KILL Syntax
7.28 SHOW Syntax
7.28.1 SHOW Information About Databases, Tables, Columns, and Indexes
7.28.2 SHOW TABLE STATUS
7.28.3 SHOW STATUS
7.28.4 SHOW VARIABLES
7.28.5 SHOW LOGS
7.28.6 SHOW PROCESSLIST
7.28.7 SHOW GRANTS
7.28.8 SHOW CREATE TABLE
7.29 EXPLAIN Syntax (Get Information About a SELECT)
7.30 DESCRIBE Syntax (Get Information About Columns)
7.31 BEGIN/COMMIT/ROLLBACK Syntax
7.32 LOCK TABLES/UNLOCK TABLES Syntax
7.33 SET Syntax
7.34 SET TRANSACTION Syntax
7.35 GRANT and REVOKE Syntax
7.36 CREATE INDEX Syntax
7.37 DROP INDEX Syntax
7.38 Comment Syntax
7.39 CREATE FUNCTION/DROP FUNCTION Syntax
7.40 Is MySQL Picky About Reserved Words?
8 MySQL Table Types
8.1 MyISAM Tables
8.1.1 Space Needed for Keys
8.1.2 MyISAM Table Formats
8.1.2.1 Static (Fixed-length) Table Characteristics
8.1.2.2 Dynamic Table Characteristics
8.1.2.3 Compressed Table Characteristics
8.1.3 MyISAM table problems.
8.1.3.1 Corrupted MyISAM tables.
8.1.3.2 Clients is using or hasn't closed the table properly
8.2 MERGE Tables
8.3 ISAM Tables
8.4 HEAP Tables
8.5 BDB or Berkeley_DB Tables
8.5.1 Overview of BDB Tables
8.5.2 Installing BDB
8.5.3 BDB startup options
8.5.4 Some characteristic of BDB tables:
8.5.5 Some things we need to fix for BDB in the near future:
8.5.6 Operating systems supported by BDB
8.5.7 Errors You May Get When Using BDB Tables
8.6 GEMINI Tables
8.6.1 GEMINI Overview
8.6.1.1 GEMINI Features
8.6.1.2 GEMINI Concepts
8.6.1.3 GEMINI Limitations
8.6.2 Using GEMINI Tables
8.6.2.1 Startup Options
8.6.2.2 Creating GEMINI Tables
8.6.2.3 Backing Up GEMINI Tables
8.6.2.4 Restoring GEMINI Tables
8.6.2.5 Using Auto_Increment Columns With GEMINI Tables
8.6.2.6 Performance Considerations
8.6.2.7 Sample Configurations
8.6.2.8 When To Use GEMINI Tables
8.7 InnoDB Tables
8.7.1 InnoDB tables overview
8.7.2 InnoDB startup options
8.7.3 Creating InnoDB table space
8.7.3.1 If something goes wrong in database creation
8.7.4 Creating InnoDB tables
8.7.4.1 Converting MyISAM tables to InnoDB
8.7.5 Adding and removing InnoDB data and log files
8.7.6 Backing up and recovering an InnoDB database
8.7.6.1 Checkpoints
8.7.7 Moving an InnoDB database to another machine
8.7.8 InnoDB transaction model
8.7.8.1 Consistent read
8.7.8.2 Locking reads
8.7.8.3 Next-key locking: avoiding the phantom problem
8.7.8.4 Locks set by different SQL statements in InnoDB
8.7.8.5 Deadlock detection and rollback
8.7.9 Performance tuning tips
8.7.10 Implementation of multiversioning
8.7.11 Table and index structures
8.7.11.1 Physical structure of an index
8.7.11.2 Insert buffering
8.7.11.3 Adaptive hash indexes
8.7.11.4 Physical record structure
8.7.11.5 How an auto-increment column works in InnoDB
8.7.12 File space management and disk i/o
8.7.12.1 Disk i/o
8.7.12.2 File space management
8.7.12.3 Defragmenting a table
8.7.13 Error handling
8.7.14 Some restrictions on InnoDB tables
8.7.15 InnoDB contact information
9 MySQL Tutorial
9.1 Connecting to and Disconnecting from the Server
9.2 Entering Queries
9.3 Creating and Using a Database
9.3.1 Creating and Selecting a Database
9.3.2 Creating a Table
9.3.3 Loading Data into a Table
9.3.4 Retrieving Information from a Table
9.3.4.1 Selecting All Data
9.3.4.2 Selecting Particular Rows
9.3.4.3 Selecting Particular Columns
9.3.4.4 Sorting Rows
9.3.4.5 Date Calculations
9.3.4.6 Working with NULL Values
9.3.4.7 Pattern Matching
9.3.4.8 Counting Rows
9.3.4.9 Using More Than one Table
9.4 Getting Information About Databases and Tables
9.5 Examples of Common Queries
9.5.1 The Maximum Value for a Column
9.5.2 The Row Holding the Maximum of a Certain Column
9.5.3 Maximum of Column per Group
9.5.4 The Rows Holding the Group-wise Maximum of a Certain Field
9.5.5 Using user variables
9.5.6 Using Foreign Keys
9.5.7 Searching on Two Keys
9.6 Using mysql in Batch Mode
9.7 Queries from Twin Project
9.7.1 Find all Non-distributed Twins
9.7.2 Show a Table on Twin Pair Status
10 MySQL Server Functions
10.1 What Languages Are Supported by MySQL?
10.1.1 The Character Set Used for Data and Sorting
10.1.2 Adding a New Character Set
10.1.3 The character definition arrays
10.1.4 String Collating Support
10.1.5 Multi-byte Character Support
10.2 How Big MySQL Tables Can Be
11 Replication in MySQL
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Replication Implementation Overview
11.3 HOWTO
11.4 Replication Features and known problems
11.5 Replication Options in my.cnf
11.6 SQL Commands Related to Replication
11.7 Replication FAQ
11.8 Troubleshooting Replication
12 MySQL Full-text Search
12.1 Fine-tuning MySQL Full-text Search
12.2 New Features of Full-text Search to Appear in MySQL 4.0
12.3 Full-text Search TODO
13 Getting Maximum Performance from MySQL
13.1 Optimization Overview
13.2 System/Compile Time and Startup Parameter Tuning
13.2.1 How Compiling and Linking Affects the Speed of MySQL
13.2.2 Disk Issues
13.2.3 Using Symbolic Links
13.2.3.1 Using Symbolic Links for Databases
13.2.3.2 Using Symbolic Links for Tables
13.2.4 Tuning Server Parameters
13.2.5 How MySQL Opens and Closes Tables
13.2.6 Drawbacks to Creating Large Numbers of Tables in the Same Database
13.2.7 Why So Many Open tables?
13.2.8 How MySQL Uses Memory
13.2.9 How MySQL Locks Tables
13.2.10 Table Locking Issues
13.2.11 How MySQL uses DNS
13.3 Get Your Data as Small as Possible
13.4 How MySQL Uses Indexes
13.5 Speed of Queries that Access or Update Data
13.5.1 Estimating Query Performance
13.5.2 Speed of SELECT Queries
13.5.3 How MySQL Optimizes WHERE Clauses
13.5.4 How MySQL Optimizes DISTINCT
13.5.5 How MySQL Optimizes LEFT JOIN and RIGHT JOIN
13.5.6 How MySQL Optimizes LIMIT
13.5.7 Speed of INSERT Queries
13.5.8 Speed of UPDATE Queries
13.5.9 Speed of DELETE Queries
13.6 Other Optimization Tips
13.7 Using Your Own Benchmarks
13.8 Design Choices
13.9 MySQL Design Limitations/Tradeoffs
13.10 Portability
13.11 What Have We Used MySQL For?
14 The MySQL Benchmark Suite
15 MySQL Utilites
15.1 Overview of the Different MySQL Programs
15.2 mysqld-max, An extended mysqld server
15.3 safe_mysqld, the wrapper around mysqld
15.4 mysqld_multi, program for managing multiple MySQL servers
15.5 The Command-line Tool
15.6 Administering a MySQL Server
15.7 Dumping the Structure and Data from MySQL Databases and Tables
15.8 Copying MySQL Databases and Tables
15.9 Importing Data from Text Files
15.10 Converting an error code to the corresponding error message
15.11 Showing Databases, Tables, and Columns
15.12 The MySQL Compressed Read-only Table Generator
16 Maintaining a MySQL Installation
16.1 Using myisamchk for Table Maintenance and Crash Recovery
16.1.1 myisamchk Invocation Syntax
16.1.1.1 General Options for myisamchk
16.1.1.2 Check Options for myisamchk
16.1.1.3 Repair Options for myisamchk
16.1.1.4 Other Options for myisamchk
16.1.2 myisamchk Memory Usage
16.2 Using mysqlcheck for Table Maintenance and Crash Recovery
16.3 Setting Up a Table Maintenance Regimen
16.4 Getting Information About a Table
16.5 Using myisamchk for Crash Recovery
16.5.1 How to Check Tables for Errors
16.5.2 How to Repair Tables
16.5.3 Table Optimization
16.6 Log file Maintenance
17 Adding New Functions to MySQL
17.1 Adding a New User-definable Function
17.1.1 UDF Calling Sequences
17.1.2 Argument Processing
17.1.3 Return Values and Error Handling
17.1.4 Compiling and Installing User-definable Functions
17.2 Adding a New Native Function
18 Adding New Procedures to MySQL
18.1 Procedure Analyse
18.2 Writing a Procedure
19 MySQL ODBC Support
19.1 How To Install MyODBC
19.2 How to Fill in the Various Fields in the ODBC Administrator Program
19.3 Connect parameters for MyODBC
19.4 How to Report Problems with MyODBC
19.5 Programs Known to Work with MyODBC
19.6 How to Get the Value of an AUTO_INCREMENT Column in ODBC
19.7 Reporting Problems with MyODBC
20 Using MySQL with Some Common Programs
20.1 Using MySQL with Apache
20.2 Borland C++
21 Problems and Common Errors
21.1 How to Determine What Is Causing Problems
21.2 What to Do if MySQL Keeps Crashing
21.3 Problems When Linking with the MySQL Client Library
21.4 Some Common Errors When Using MySQL
21.4.1 Access denied Error
21.4.2 MySQL server has gone away Error
21.4.3 Can't connect to [local] MySQL server error
21.4.4 Host '...' is blocked Error
21.4.5 Too many connections Error
21.4.6 Some non-transactional changed tables couldn't be rolled back Error
21.4.7 Out of memory Error
21.4.8 Packet too large Error
21.4.9 Communication Errors / Abort%d Connection
21.4.10 The table is full Error|/A>
21.4.11 Can't create/write to file Error
21.4.12 Commands out of sync Error in Client
21.4.13 Ignoring user Error
21.4.14 Table 'xxx' doesn't exist Error
21.4.15 Can't initialize character set xxx error.
21.5 How MySQL Handles a Full Disk
21.6 How to Run SQL Commands from a Text File
21.7 Where MySQL Stores Temporary Files
21.8 How to Protect `/tmp/mysql.sock' from Being Deleted
21.9 How to Run MySQL As a Normal User
21.10 How to Reset a Forgotten Password
21.11 Problems with File Permissions
21.12 File Not Found
21.13 Problems Using DATE Columns
21.14 Time Zone Problems
21.15 Case Sensitivity in Searches
21.16 Problems with NULL Values
21.17 Problems with alias
21.18 Deleting Rows from Related Tables
21.19 Solving Problems with No Matching Rows
21.20 Problems with ALTER TABLE.
21.21 How To Change the Order of Columns in a Table
21.22 TEMPORARY TABLE problems
22 Solving Some Common Problems with MySQL
22.1 Database Replication with Update Log
22.2 Database Backups
22.3 Running Multiple MySQL Servers on the Same Machine
23 The MySQL log files
23.1 The Error Log
23.2 The Query Log
23.3 The Update Log
23.4 The Binary Log
23.5 The Slow Query Log
24 MySQL APIs
24.1 MySQL C API
24.1.1 C API Datatypes
24.1.2 C API Function Overview
24.1.3 C API Function Descriptions
24.1.3.1 mysql_affected_rows()
24.1.3.6 mysql_close()
24.1.3.10 mysql_connect()
24.1.3.14 mysql_change_user()
24.1.3.19 mysql_character_set_name()
24.1.3.23 mysql_create_db()
24.1.3.28 mysql_data_seek()
24.1.3.32 mysql_debug()
24.1.3.37 mysql_drop_db()
24.1.3.42 mysql_dump_debug_info()
24.1.3.46 mysql_eof()
24.1.3.51 mysql_errno()
24.1.3.55 mysql_error()
24.1.3.59 mysql_escape_string()
24.1.3.60 mysql_fetch_field()
24.1.3.65 mysql_fetch_fields()
24.1.3.70 mysql_fetch_field_direct()
24.1.3.75 mysql_fetch_lengths()
24.1.3.80 mysql_fetch_row()
24.1.3.85 mysql_field_count()
24.1.3.90 mysql_field_seek()
24.1.3.94 mysql_field_tell()
24.1.3.98 mysql_free_result()
24.1.3.102 mysql_get_client_info()
24.1.3.106 mysql_get_host_info()
24.1.3.110 mysql_get_proto_info()
24.1.3.114 mysql_get_server_info()
24.1.3.118 mysql_info()
24.1.3.122 mysql_init()
24.1.3.126 mysql_insert_id()
24.1.3.130 mysql_kill()
24.1.3.134 mysql_list_dbs()
24.1.3.138 mysql_list_fields()
24.1.3.142 mysql_list_processes()
24.1.3.146 mysql_list_tables()
24.1.3.150 mysql_num_fields()
24.1.3.155 mysql_num_rows()
24.1.3.159 mysql_options()
24.1.3.163 mysql_ping()
24.1.3.167 mysql_query()
24.1.3.171 mysql_real_connect()
24.1.3.176 mysql_real_escape_string()
24.1.3.181 mysql_real_query()
24.1.3.185 mysql_reload()
24.1.3.189 mysql_row_seek()
24.1.3.193 mysql_row_tell()
24.1.3.197 mysql_select_db()
24.1.3.201 mysql_shutdown()
24.1.3.205 mysql_stat()
24.1.3.209 mysql_store_result()
24.1.3.213 mysql_thread_id()
24.1.3.217 mysql_use_result()
24.1.4 Common questions and problems when using the C API
24.1.4.1 Why Is It that After mysql_query() Returns Success, mysql_store_result() Sometimes Returns NULL?
24.1.4.2 What Results Can I Get From a Query?
24.1.4.3 How Can I Get the Unique ID for the Last Inserted Row?
24.1.4.4 Problems Linking with the C API
24.1.5 How to Make a Thread-safe Client
24.2 MySQL Perl API
24.2.1 DBI with DBD::mysql
24.2.2 The DBI Interface
24.2.3 More DBI/DBD Information
24.3 MySQL Eiffel wrapper
24.4 MySQL Java Connectivity (JDBC)
24.5 MySQL PHP API
24.5.1 Common Problems with MySQL and PHP
24.6 MySQL C++ APIs
24.7 MySQL Python APIs
24.8 MySQL Tcl APIs
25 How MySQL Compares to Other Databases
25.1 How MySQL Compares to mSQL
25.1.1 How to Convert mSQL Tools for MySQL
25.1.2 How mSQL and MySQL Client/Server Communications Protocols Differ
25.1.3 How mSQL 2.0 SQL Syntax Differs from MySQL
25.2 How MySQL Compares to PostgreSQL
25.2.1 MySQL and PostgreSQL development strategies
25.2.2 Featurevise Comparison of MySQL and PostgreSQL
25.2.3 Benchmarking MySQL and PostgreSQL
26 MySQL Internals
26.1 MySQL Threads
26.2 MySQL Test Suite
26.2.1 Running the MySQL Test Suite
26.2.2 Extending the MySQL Test Suite
26.2.3 Reporting bugs in the MySQL Test Suite
A Environment Variables
B Some MySQL Users
B.1 General News Sites
B.2 Some Web Search Engines
B.3 Some Information Search Engines Concentrated on Some Area
B.4 Online Magazines
B.5 Web Sites that Use MySQL as a Backend
B.6 Some Domain/Internet/Web and Related Services
B.7 Web Sites that Use PHP and MySQL
B.8 Some MySQL Consultants
B.9 Programming
B.10 Uncategorized Pages
C MySQL customer usage
D Contributed Programs
D.1 APIs
D.2 Clients
D.3 Web Tools
D.4 Performance Benchmarking Tools
D.5 Authentication Tools
D.6 Converters
D.7 Using MySQL with Other Products
D.8 Useful Tools
D.9 RPMs for Common Tools (Most Are for RedHat 6.1)
D.10 Useful Functions
D.11 Windows programs
D.12 Uncategorized
E Credits
E.0.1 Developers at MySQL AB
E.0.2 Contributors to MySQL
E.0.3 Supporters to MySQL
F MySQL change history
F.1 Changes in release 4.0.x (Development; Alpha)
F.1.1 Changes in release 4.0.0
F.2 Changes in release 3.23.x (Stable)
F.2.1 Changes in release 3.23.39
F.2.2 Changes in release 3.23.38
F.2.3 Changes in release 3.23.37
F.2.4 Changes in release 3.23.36
F.2.5 Changes in release 3.23.35
F.2.6 Changes in release 3.23.34a
F.2.7 Changes in release 3.23.34
F.2.8 Changes in release 3.23.33
F.2.9 Changes in release 3.23.32
F.2.10 Changes in release 3.23.31
F.2.11 Changes in release 3.23.30
F.2.12 Changes in release 3.23.29
F.2.13 Changes in release 3.23.28
F.2.14 Changes in release 3.23.27
F.2.15 Changes in release 3.23.26
F.2.16 Changes in release 3.23.25
F.2.17 Changes in release 3.23.24
F.2.18 Changes in release 3.23.23
F.2.19 Changes in release 3.23.22
F.2.20 Changes in release 3.23.21
F.2.21 Changes in release 3.23.20
F.2.22 Changes in release 3.23.19
F.2.23 Changes in release 3.23.18
F.2.24 Changes in release 3.23.17
F.2.25 Changes in release 3.23.16
F.2.26 Changes in release 3.23.15
F.2.27 Changes in release 3.23.14
F.2.28 Changes in release 3.23.13
F.2.29 Changes in release 3.23.12
F.2.30 Changes in release 3.23.11
F.2.31 Changes in release 3.23.10
F.2.32 Changes in release 3.23.9
F.2.33 Changes in release 3.23.8
F.2.34 Changes in release 3.23.7
F.2.35 Changes in release 3.23.6
F.2.36 Changes in release 3.23.5
F.2.37 Changes in release 3.23.4
F.2.38 Changes in release 3.23.3
F.2.39 Changes in release 3.23.2
F.2.40 Changes in release 3.23.1
F.2.41 Changes in release 3.23.0
F.3 Changes in release 3.22.x (Older; Still supported)
F.3.1 Changes in release 3.22.35
F.3.2 Changes in release 3.22.34
F.3.3 Changes in release 3.22.33
F.3.4 Changes in release 3.22.32
F.3.5 Changes in release 3.22.31
F.3.6 Changes in release 3.22.30
F.3.7 Changes in release 3.22.29
F.3.8 Changes in release 3.22.28
F.3.9 Changes in release 3.22.27
F.3.10 Changes in release 3.22.26
F.3.11 Changes in release 3.22.25
F.3.12 Changes in release 3.22.24
F.3.13 Changes in release 3.22.23
F.3.14 Changes in release 3.22.22
F.3.15 Changes in release 3.22.21
F.3.16 Changes in release 3.22.20
F.3.17 Changes in release 3.22.19
F.3.18 Changes in release 3.22.18
F.3.19 Changes in release 3.22.17
F.3.20 Changes in release 3.22.16
F.3.21 Changes in release 3.22.15
F.3.22 Changes in release 3.22.14
F.3.23 Changes in release 3.22.13
F.3.24 Changes in release 3.22.12
F.3.25 Changes in release 3.22.11
F.3.26 Changes in release 3.22.10
F.3.27 Changes in release 3.22.9
F.3.28 Changes in release 3.22.8
F.3.29 Changes in release 3.22.7
F.3.30 Changes in release 3.22.6
F.3.31 Changes in release 3.22.5
F.3.32 Changes in release 3.22.4
F.3.33 Changes in release 3.22.3
F.3.34 Changes in release 3.22.2
F.3.35 Changes in release 3.22.1
F.3.36 Changes in release 3.22.0
F.4 Changes in release 3.21.x
F.4.1 Changes in release 3.21.33
F.4.2 Changes in release 3.21.32
F.4.3 Changes in release 3.21.31
F.4.4 Changes in release 3.21.30
F.4.5 Changes in release 3.21.29
F.4.6 Changes in release 3.21.28
F.4.7 Changes in release 3.21.27
F.4.8 Changes in release 3.21.26
F.4.9 Changes in release 3.21.25
F.4.10 Changes in release 3.21.24
F.4.11 Changes in release 3.21.23
F.4.12 Changes in release 3.21.22
F.4.13 Changes in release 3.21.21a
F.4.14 Changes in release 3.21.21
F.4.15 Changes in release 3.21.20
F.4.16 Changes in release 3.21.19
F.4.17 Changes in release 3.21.18
F.4.18 Changes in release 3.21.17
F.4.19 Changes in release 3.21.16
F.4.20 Changes in release 3.21.15
F.4.21 Changes in release 3.21.14b
F.4.22 Changes in release 3.21.14a
F.4.23 Changes in release 3.21.13
F.4.24 Changes in release 3.21.12
F.4.25 Changes in release 3.21.11
F.4.26 Changes in release 3.21.10
F.4.27 Changes in release 3.21.9
F.4.28 Changes in release 3.21.8
F.4.29 Changes in release 3.21.7
F.4.30 Changes in release 3.21.6
F.4.31 Changes in release 3.21.5
F.4.32 Changes in release 3.21.4
F.4.33 Changes in release 3.21.3
F.4.34 Changes in release 3.21.2
F.4.35 Changes in release 3.21.0
F.5 Changes in release 3.20.x
F.5.1 Changes in release 3.20.18
F.5.2 Changes in release 3.20.17
F.5.3 Changes in release 3.20.16
F.5.4 Changes in release 3.20.15
F.5.5 Changes in release 3.20.14
F.5.6 Changes in release 3.20.13
F.5.7 Changes in release 3.20.11
F.5.8 Changes in release 3.20.10
F.5.9 Changes in release 3.20.9
F.5.10 Changes in release 3.20.8
F.5.11 Changes in release 3.20.7
F.5.12 Changes in release 3.20.6
F.5.13 Changes in release 3.20.3
F.5.14 Changes in release 3.20.0
F.6 Changes in release 3.19.x
F.6.1 Changes in release 3.19.5
F.6.2 Changes in release 3.19.4
F.6.3 Changes in release 3.19.3
G Known errors and design deficiencies in MySQL
H MySQL and the future (The TODO)
H.1 Things that should be in 4.0
H.2 Things that must be done in the real near future
H.3 Things that have to be done sometime
H.4 Some things we don't have any plans to do
I Comments on porting to other systems
I.1 Debugging a MySQL server
I.1.1 Compiling MYSQL for debugging.
I.1.2 Creating trace files
I.1.3 Debugging mysqld under gdb
I.1.4 Using a stack trace
I.1.5 Using log files to find cause of errors in mysqld
I.1.6 Making a test case when you experience table corruption
I.2 Debugging a MySQL client
I.3 The DBUG package.
I.4 Locking methods
I.5 Comments about RTS threads
I.6 Differences between different thread packages
J Description of MySQL regular expression syntax
K What is Unireg?
L GNU General Public License
M GNU Library General Public License
SQL command, type and function index
Concept Index
This document was generated on 14 June 2001 using the
texi2html
translator version 1.52 (extended by davida@detron.se).