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About the HTML 4.0 Specification
Contents
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This document has been written with two types of readers in mind:
HTML authors and HTML implementors. We hope the specification will
provide authors with the tools they need to write efficient,
attractive, and accessible documents, without overexposing them to
HTML's implementation details. Implementors, however, should find all
they need to build user agents that interpret HTML correctly.
The specification has been written with two modes of presentation
in mind: electronic and printed. Although the two presentations will
no doubt be similar, readers will find some differences. For example,
links will not work in the printed version (obviously), and page
numbers will not appear in the electronic version. In case of a
discrepancy, the electronic version is considered the authoritative
version of the document.
How to read the specification
The specification may be approached in several ways:
lRead from beginning to end. The specification
begins with a general presentation of HTML and becomes more and more
technical and specific towards the end. This is reflected in the
specification's main table of contents, which presents topical
information, and the indexes, which present lower level information in
alphabetical order.
lQuick access to information. In order to get
information about
syntax and semantics as quickly as possible, the electronic
version of the specification includes the following
features:
lEvery reference to an element or attribute is linked to
its definition in the specification.
lEvery page will include links to the indexes, so you will never be
more than two links away from finding the definition of
an element or attribute.
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The front pages of the three sections of the language reference
manual extend the initial table of contents with more
detail about each section.
How the specification is organized
This specification includes the following sections:
Section 2: Introduction to HTML 4.0.
The introduction gives an overview of what can be done with HTML
4.0. It also provides some design tips for developing good HTML
habits.
Sections 3 - 11: HTML 4.0 reference manual.
The bulk of the reference manual consists of the HTML language
reference, which defines all elements and attributes of the language.
This document has been organized by topic rather than by the
grammar of HTML. Topics are grouped into three categories: structure,
presentation, and interactivity. Although it is not easy to divide
HTML constructs perfectly into these three categories, the model
reflects the designers' experience that separating a document's
structure from its presentation produces more effective and
maintainable documents.
The language reference consists of the following information:
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used by the editors of
this specification.
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How HTML fits into the World Wide Web and an introduction to
related Web languages and protocols such as URLs.
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What may
appear in an HTML document.
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Basic of an HTML
document.
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Elements that pertain to the structure of an HTML
document, including , lists,
,
, and
.
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Elements that pertain to the presentation of an HTML document,
including , fonts, colors, rules, and other visual
presentation, and frames for
multi-windowed presentations.
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Elements that pertain to interactivity with an HTML document,
including and
.
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The SGML definition of HTML, including the SGML declaration of HTML, the HTML DTD, and the list of character entities.
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Section 12: Quick reference indexes.
Two indexes give readers rapid access to the definition of all elements and attributes The indexes also
summarize some key characteristics of each element and attribute.
Section 13: Appendixes.
The appendix contains
information about changes from HTML
3.2, performance and implementation
notes, and how W3C and other
organizations interact with respect to HTML.
Acknowledgments
Thanks to everyone who has helped to author the working
drafts that went into the HTML 4.0 specification, and all those who
have sent suggestions and corrections. A particular thanks to
T.V. Raman for his work on improving the accessibility of HTML
forms for people with disabilities.
The authors of this specification, the members of the W3C HTML
Working Group, deserve much applause for their diligent review of this
document, their constructive comments, and their hard work: John
D. Burger, Steve Byrne, Martin J. Dürst, Daniel Glazman,
Scott Isaacs, Murray Maloney, Steven Pemberton, Jared Sorensen, Powell
Smith, Robert Stevahn, Ed Tecot, Jeffrey Veen, Mike Wexler, Misha
Wolf, and Lauren Wood.
Thank you Dan Connolly for thoughtful input and guidance as
chairman of the HTML working group. Thank you Sally Khudairi for your
indispensible work on the press release.
Of particular help from the Inria at Sophia-Antipolis were Janet
Bertot, Bert Bos, Stephane Boyera, Daniel Dardailler, Yves Lafon,
Håkon Lie, Chris Lilley, and Colas Nahaboo.
Lastly, thanks to Tim Berners-Lee without whom none of this
would have been possible.